About Printing Machine
Machine printed text and images. Generally installed version of the modern printing machine , inking, stamping, feeding (including folding) and other agencies. Its working principle is: first printing of text and images to make printing plates, installed in the printer, and then by hand or press the ink coating on the printed version of the text and images on the place, and then transferred directly or indirectly Printed to paper or other substrates (such as textiles, metal, plastic, leather, wood, glass and ceramics), and to replicate the printed version of the same print. Invention and development of the printing press for the spread of human civilization and culture plays an important role.
Printing Presses History
Invention and development of the printing press for the spread of human civilization and culture plays an important role.
1439, Germany, Gutenberg produced wooden letterpress printing presses, the vertical structure of spiral lever presses Although simple, it follows the 300 years; 1812, first made in Germany Konig letterpress printing press round table flatten; 1847, the United States invented the rotary press Hoey; 1900, made six-color rotary press; 1904, the United States Rubel invention offset printing presses.
50 years before the twentieth century, the traditional letterpress printing process in the printing industry dominate development of the printing press to letterpress printing presses based. Letterpress printing process, but the existence of lead alloy with high labor intensity, long production cycle and the pollution of the environment of the shortcomings. From the 60s, with short cycle, high productivity characteristics of the offset printing process began to rise and development of lead alloy letterpress screen printing machine was gradually replaced by offset lithography. Soft letterpress printing, hole printing, electrostatic printing, inkjet printing, packaging printing, advertising printing has also been developed.
World Printing Machinery 80 years since the 20th century has made great development. 20 years, the development of the printing machine has gone through three stages.
The first stage of the 20th century to the early 80s early 90s, this stage is the development of offset printing process heyday. Sheetfed offset press in this period the maximum printing speed of 10,000 print / hours. A four-color printing presses preparation time before the pre-adjustment is 2 hours. Automatic Control mainly in the press automatically end paper, auto paper, self-cleaning, the black color of the automatic detection and automatic adjustment of the amount of ink and register remote control and so on. During this period in addition to color, color machines, each sheet-fed offset press manufacturers almost all four-color machine also has the manufacturing capacity, most manufacturers are able to flip the paper manufacturing sector, the double-sided printing.
The second stage is the early 20th century, 90 to 20 century. 90 years into the 20th century, sheet-fed offset press as a symbol to the international level of printing machinery design and manufacture a major step forward. Compared with the first phase of the model, to further improve the speed of a new generation of models, from 10,000 Indian / hour up to 15,000 print / hours, pre-press pre-adjusted time from the first stage substantially reduced to about 2 hours 15 minutes so. Machine automation and production efficiency has greatly improved.
Printing machinery into the 21st century ushered in the third stage of development. Currently, sheet-fed offset press printed some models can reach 17000-18000 / hour, but the printer manufacturers did not aggressively pursue the maximum printing speed increases, but through the application of information technology to further reduce the pre-press preparation time and replacement of live parts of the time the pursuit of higher productivity.
In the printing machinery automation, networking, production integrated, digital workflow, and management information system (MIS) links the development of such technology as the key. Heidelberg CP2000 automatic control system in addition to the whole meat machine from a paper feeding and lead paper, inking, water, change edition, register, cleaning, drying, glazing coating, powder coating and paper collection preset link of each work, control and fault diagnosis, but also with all the production processes to achieve the printing business networking, online data transmission prepress image processing (CIP3/PPF or CIP4/JDF data) and other functions. In the new century, the majority of offset press manufacturers have developed a corresponding DI digital press.
In addition, in order to meet the people's demand for high-end color print, 8 or even 10-color group group color group of multi-color double-sided printing, additional on-line finishing capabilities into all kinds of sheet-fed offset press (including a small offset, DI direct Offset plate making machines and large) development trends, and technology maturity, the type of press has begun to squeeze originally part of a web press market.
According to the European printing and paper processing machinery manufacturers associations (EUMAPRINT) statistics show that, due to the impact of the global economic downturn, Germany, France, America, Italy, Switzerland and other seven countries in 2002, printing machinery and equipment sales declined compared to 2001 by 13.08%. Analysis of economic sentiment index, Europe, America and China, Russia, Japan and other 11 countries, only China, Russia is rising, the rest are falling, which, in Germany in 2002, sales of about 68 billion U.S. dollars, 2001 , down 12%; U.S. sales of approximately $ 2,270,000,000, compared to 2001 decreased by 16%; UK sales in 2002 than in 2001, down 24%, approximately $ 1,064,000,000; Italy fell by 8% about 763 million U.S. dollars.
Printing machinery and equipment in 2001 the annual output value top 5 countries are: Germany, $ 7,730,000,000, $ 3,918,000,000 in Japan, the U.S. $ 2,702,000,000, the United Kingdom 1.4 billion, Italy $ 829,000,000. Washing machine and equipment exports in 2001 the top 5 countries are: Germany, $ 6,325,000,000, $ 1,578,000,000 in Japan, the U.S. $ 1,246,000,000, $ 1,060,000,000, Italy, United Kingdom $ 940,000,000. Printing machinery and equipment imports in 2001 before the six are: U.S. 2.2 billion, China's 1.3 billion, 1.228 billion U.S. dollars in Germany, Italy, $ 922,000,000, $ 920,000,000 United Kingdom, Japan, $ 798,000,000. 2002 China Printing Machinery Market for a single flower, printing machinery and equipment sales increased by 13.8%, to become the world's printing and printing equipment manufacturers and defend.
According to the German Machinery and Equipment Manufacturers Association (VDMA) print the latest statistics branch, in 2003 the German printing machinery industry output value of about 70 million euros, down 13% in 2002. Which accounted for 4.8 billion euros printing machinery, paper processing machinery accounted for 11 billion euros, the rest is paper production machinery. Germany continued to hold the current world leader in printing technology, its global market share of over 30%, exports up to 80%, mainly exported to the United States, China and the EU member states. 2003 German exports to China 370 million euros printing machinery, printing machinery, Germany accounted for 9.8% of total exports, China has become Germany's second largest single export of printing machinery market. Germany, the United States remains the largest importer of printing machinery, printing machinery, Germany's total exports accounted for 1 / 6.
1439, Germany, Gutenberg produced wooden letterpress printing presses, the vertical structure of spiral lever presses Although simple, it follows the 300 years; 1812, first made in Germany Konig letterpress printing press round table flatten; 1847, the United States invented the rotary press Hoey; 1900, made six-color rotary press; 1904, the United States Rubel invention offset printing presses.
50 years before the twentieth century, the traditional letterpress printing process in the printing industry dominate development of the printing press to letterpress printing presses based. Letterpress printing process, but the existence of lead alloy with high labor intensity, long production cycle and the pollution of the environment of the shortcomings. From the 60s, with short cycle, high productivity characteristics of the offset printing process began to rise and development of lead alloy letterpress screen printing machine was gradually replaced by offset lithography. Soft letterpress printing, hole printing, electrostatic printing, inkjet printing, packaging printing, advertising printing has also been developed.
World Printing Machinery 80 years since the 20th century has made great development. 20 years, the development of the printing machine has gone through three stages.
The first stage of the 20th century to the early 80s early 90s, this stage is the development of offset printing process heyday. Sheetfed offset press in this period the maximum printing speed of 10,000 print / hours. A four-color printing presses preparation time before the pre-adjustment is 2 hours. Automatic Control mainly in the press automatically end paper, auto paper, self-cleaning, the black color of the automatic detection and automatic adjustment of the amount of ink and register remote control and so on. During this period in addition to color, color machines, each sheet-fed offset press manufacturers almost all four-color machine also has the manufacturing capacity, most manufacturers are able to flip the paper manufacturing sector, the double-sided printing.
The second stage is the early 20th century, 90 to 20 century. 90 years into the 20th century, sheet-fed offset press as a symbol to the international level of printing machinery design and manufacture a major step forward. Compared with the first phase of the model, to further improve the speed of a new generation of models, from 10,000 Indian / hour up to 15,000 print / hours, pre-press pre-adjusted time from the first stage substantially reduced to about 2 hours 15 minutes so. Machine automation and production efficiency has greatly improved.
Printing machinery into the 21st century ushered in the third stage of development. Currently, sheet-fed offset press printed some models can reach 17000-18000 / hour, but the printer manufacturers did not aggressively pursue the maximum printing speed increases, but through the application of information technology to further reduce the pre-press preparation time and replacement of live parts of the time the pursuit of higher productivity.
In the printing machinery automation, networking, production integrated, digital workflow, and management information system (MIS) links the development of such technology as the key. Heidelberg CP2000 automatic control system in addition to the whole meat machine from a paper feeding and lead paper, inking, water, change edition, register, cleaning, drying, glazing coating, powder coating and paper collection preset link of each work, control and fault diagnosis, but also with all the production processes to achieve the printing business networking, online data transmission prepress image processing (CIP3/PPF or CIP4/JDF data) and other functions. In the new century, the majority of offset press manufacturers have developed a corresponding DI digital press.
In addition, in order to meet the people's demand for high-end color print, 8 or even 10-color group group color group of multi-color double-sided printing, additional on-line finishing capabilities into all kinds of sheet-fed offset press (including a small offset, DI direct Offset plate making machines and large) development trends, and technology maturity, the type of press has begun to squeeze originally part of a web press market.
According to the European printing and paper processing machinery manufacturers associations (EUMAPRINT) statistics show that, due to the impact of the global economic downturn, Germany, France, America, Italy, Switzerland and other seven countries in 2002, printing machinery and equipment sales declined compared to 2001 by 13.08%. Analysis of economic sentiment index, Europe, America and China, Russia, Japan and other 11 countries, only China, Russia is rising, the rest are falling, which, in Germany in 2002, sales of about 68 billion U.S. dollars, 2001 , down 12%; U.S. sales of approximately $ 2,270,000,000, compared to 2001 decreased by 16%; UK sales in 2002 than in 2001, down 24%, approximately $ 1,064,000,000; Italy fell by 8% about 763 million U.S. dollars.
Printing machinery and equipment in 2001 the annual output value top 5 countries are: Germany, $ 7,730,000,000, $ 3,918,000,000 in Japan, the U.S. $ 2,702,000,000, the United Kingdom 1.4 billion, Italy $ 829,000,000. Washing machine and equipment exports in 2001 the top 5 countries are: Germany, $ 6,325,000,000, $ 1,578,000,000 in Japan, the U.S. $ 1,246,000,000, $ 1,060,000,000, Italy, United Kingdom $ 940,000,000. Printing machinery and equipment imports in 2001 before the six are: U.S. 2.2 billion, China's 1.3 billion, 1.228 billion U.S. dollars in Germany, Italy, $ 922,000,000, $ 920,000,000 United Kingdom, Japan, $ 798,000,000. 2002 China Printing Machinery Market for a single flower, printing machinery and equipment sales increased by 13.8%, to become the world's printing and printing equipment manufacturers and defend.
According to the German Machinery and Equipment Manufacturers Association (VDMA) print the latest statistics branch, in 2003 the German printing machinery industry output value of about 70 million euros, down 13% in 2002. Which accounted for 4.8 billion euros printing machinery, paper processing machinery accounted for 11 billion euros, the rest is paper production machinery. Germany continued to hold the current world leader in printing technology, its global market share of over 30%, exports up to 80%, mainly exported to the United States, China and the EU member states. 2003 German exports to China 370 million euros printing machinery, printing machinery, Germany accounted for 9.8% of total exports, China has become Germany's second largest single export of printing machinery market. Germany, the United States remains the largest importer of printing machinery, printing machinery, Germany's total exports accounted for 1 / 6.
